With natural population of high heterozygosity and some inbred lines as the breeding materials, the X-ray mutagenesis and targeted selection was used to breed the new variety. A total of 3000 individuals with excellent agronomic traits was collected from the different type of aquaculture sea area along China coastline using the method of half-blade sampling method, and their iodine content was determined by the method of Sodium nitrite-Urea. The parent stock with high iodine was treated with 40000 R X-ray and used to breed the offspring. The new varieties “860” and “1170” were bred successfully by multiple generation self-crossing and targeted selection, and were demonstrated in the practice application to be excellent varieties with high iodine and high yield and high final production rate. Compared the local cultivars, the iodine content increased by 20-58%, yield increased by 8-40%, and final final production rate increased by 20%. This achievement was a typical example for the teaching and scientific study aiming to theSaccharinavariety breeding, and boosted the profit of the iodine extraction industry.